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Exercise guide

Skull crusher: muscles worked and how to do it

The skull crusher, or lying triceps extension, bends your elbows to lower an EZ-bar toward your forehead while you lie on a flat bench, then straightens them. GymTribe's library lists it as EZ-bar Skull Crusher, with the triceps as its target muscle.

Illustration of a skull crusher, showing the start and end positions

How to do a skull crusher

  1. Lie on a flat bench with your feet on the floor, holding the EZ-bar overhand on the angled grips, hands closer than shoulder-width.

  2. Press it up so your arms are straight over your shoulders, then tilt them back slightly toward your head.

  3. Bend only at the elbows to lower the bar toward your forehead or just behind your head.

  4. Stop when your forearms are just past parallel with the floor.

  5. Straighten your elbows to bring the bar back up, keeping your upper arms still.

These steps describe common technique. If something hurts, stop and ask a qualified coach or clinician.

Common skull crusher mistakes

  • Elbows flaring out

    Keep them pointing toward your feet, about shoulder-width apart.

  • Moving your upper arms

    Only your forearms move. If your shoulders join in, it becomes a press.

  • Lowering too fast

    Control the bar all the way down; it is close to your head.

  • Going heavy without a spotter

    Use a weight you can lower and raise under full control.

How to track your skull crusher

Log the weight and reps of every set. Over a few weeks, the heaviest weight you lift and your estimated one-rep max show whether you are getting stronger, even when your sets use different rep counts.

Estimated 1RM, Epley formula

25 kg × (1 + 10 ÷ 30) ≈ 33 kg

A set of 10 at 25 kg estimates a one-rep max of about 33 kg.

Skull crusher questions

What muscles do skull crushers work?

The triceps, including the long head that runs up to the shoulder. In GymTribe's muscle map, each set of EZ-bar Skull Crusher counts toward the triceps.

Should the bar go to my forehead or behind my head?

Both are common. Lowering slightly behind your head keeps your upper arms angled back and gives the triceps a longer stretch. Pick one and keep it.

Are there other skull crusher versions?

GymTribe lists Incline EZ-bar Skull Crusher and Cable Skull Crusher as their own exercises, all counted toward the triceps.

How do I estimate my skull crusher one-rep max?

Use the Epley formula, weight × (1 + reps ÷ 30). A set of 10 at 25 kg estimates about 33 kg. The 1RM calculator on this site does the sum for any set.

How do I track my skull crusher in GymTribe?

Log each set's weight and reps under EZ-bar Skull Crusher. Every session adds a point to its charts: heaviest weight and estimated 1RM, best set volume and most reps, and best session volume and max session reps. A New PR alert appears when a set beats your heaviest weight, estimated 1RM or rep record.

More triceps exercises in GymTribe

GymTribe counts these toward the triceps too. The ones with a guide are linked.

More arms guides

All exercise guides →

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